1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:07,230 hey sorry we're a little bit late it 2 00:00:03,360 --> 00:00:10,559 should be start from the one past 15 so 3 00:00:07,230 --> 00:00:13,410 we now our five minutes late so now we 4 00:00:10,559 --> 00:00:19,740 are began our panel right now today we 5 00:00:13,410 --> 00:00:22,920 have five five guest speaker will join 6 00:00:19,740 --> 00:00:26,849 our panel to discuss about internet 7 00:00:22,920 --> 00:00:30,630 history in world and the first speaker 8 00:00:26,849 --> 00:00:37,680 were from the doctor Tom and the second 9 00:00:30,630 --> 00:00:43,200 one is the mr. present and third one is 10 00:00:37,680 --> 00:00:46,680 the doctor Olivia and I hope my 11 00:00:43,200 --> 00:00:49,140 pronunciation is correct and and the 12 00:00:46,680 --> 00:00:53,039 first one is the professor or something 13 00:00:49,140 --> 00:00:56,899 we found on Xinhua University and last 14 00:00:53,039 --> 00:01:02,449 one our guest speakers will be the 15 00:00:56,899 --> 00:01:06,570 change the movement the movement the 16 00:01:02,449 --> 00:01:10,470 director of the open route so so now we 17 00:01:06,570 --> 00:01:14,250 start our lecture from dr. Fong to talk 18 00:01:10,470 --> 00:01:18,540 about the oral history of the internet 19 00:01:14,250 --> 00:01:25,890 and his public welfare project started 20 00:01:18,540 --> 00:01:30,180 from China now we're playing our video 21 00:01:25,890 --> 00:01:33,390 to show us to show everybody what kind 22 00:01:30,180 --> 00:01:36,329 of oral history history of Internet the 23 00:01:33,390 --> 00:01:38,390 project what they did in the past few 24 00:01:36,329 --> 00:01:38,390 years 25 00:01:43,420 --> 00:01:46,609 [Music] 26 00:01:59,130 --> 00:02:15,589 [Music] 27 00:02:21,260 --> 00:02:35,930 [Music] 28 00:02:31,690 --> 00:02:39,050 there are two Steve with your chandelier 29 00:02:35,930 --> 00:02:41,190 he was a soldier yeah 30 00:02:39,050 --> 00:02:44,610 potential that Sunday 31 00:02:41,190 --> 00:02:48,180 trying to NATO is awesome 32 00:02:44,610 --> 00:02:50,690 Boozer Faizal say in new dynamic 200 33 00:02:48,180 --> 00:02:56,030 even to the passengers and wottingers 34 00:02:50,690 --> 00:03:00,340 Alessandro control type bye 35 00:02:56,030 --> 00:03:01,220 she wanted our city party here 36 00:03:00,340 --> 00:03:20,420 you 37 00:03:01,220 --> 00:03:22,860 [Music] 38 00:03:20,420 --> 00:03:32,370 the videos show just Shores 39 00:03:22,860 --> 00:03:34,459 [Music] 40 00:03:32,370 --> 00:03:36,650 that computing to them is 41 00:03:34,459 --> 00:03:54,469 the next 42 00:03:36,650 --> 00:03:54,469 [Music] 43 00:03:54,569 --> 00:04:00,390 put in an IBM tape drivin right a tape 44 00:03:57,390 --> 00:04:02,760 for him so he could be you know lovely 45 00:04:00,390 --> 00:04:04,170 the only compatible media which is one 46 00:04:02,760 --> 00:04:06,450 of the things that encouraged me to 47 00:04:04,170 --> 00:04:08,220 worry about networking because we 48 00:04:06,450 --> 00:04:11,010 couldn't move data between the diverse 49 00:04:08,220 --> 00:04:12,090 machines we couldn't do things and all 50 00:04:11,010 --> 00:04:20,400 the different machines were all 51 00:04:12,090 --> 00:04:22,590 different and so I looked around at what 52 00:04:20,400 --> 00:04:24,750 they could talk to and I knew that 53 00:04:22,590 --> 00:04:27,830 sooner or later they'll want to talk to 54 00:04:24,750 --> 00:04:30,830 each other and there was no adequate 55 00:04:27,830 --> 00:04:34,199 networking technology for data 56 00:04:30,830 --> 00:04:35,940 communications there are literally 57 00:04:34,199 --> 00:04:37,880 thousands of them if you want to be 58 00:04:35,940 --> 00:04:40,040 honest 59 00:04:37,880 --> 00:04:42,520 internet wouldn't be the scale that it 60 00:04:40,040 --> 00:04:42,520 is now 61 00:04:43,870 --> 00:04:47,740 and you still want to get access to that 62 00:04:45,490 --> 00:04:50,440 information you got to create a whole 63 00:04:47,740 --> 00:04:52,180 system to do that you can't really rely 64 00:04:50,440 --> 00:04:54,370 on that but it won't you build into the 65 00:04:52,180 --> 00:04:58,090 infrastructure of the internet the 66 00:04:54,370 --> 00:05:00,760 fabric that allows you to access digital 67 00:04:58,090 --> 00:05:02,290 objects in a persistent way so that 68 00:05:00,760 --> 00:05:04,090 whenever you tried no matter what 69 00:05:02,290 --> 00:05:04,570 happened machine went away doesn't 70 00:05:04,090 --> 00:05:07,560 matter 71 00:05:04,570 --> 00:05:07,560 being changed 72 00:05:10,280 --> 00:05:13,430 [Music] 73 00:05:16,169 --> 00:05:20,990 they have no other idea to the other 74 00:05:22,540 --> 00:05:31,850 [Music] 75 00:05:36,060 --> 00:05:45,310 people were thinking of program exchange 76 00:05:41,170 --> 00:05:47,890 and every mode of entry in access to 77 00:05:45,310 --> 00:05:50,590 other computers because computing 78 00:05:47,890 --> 00:05:52,990 facilities were very expensive and where 79 00:05:50,590 --> 00:05:56,320 the few big computers and everybody 80 00:05:52,990 --> 00:05:57,010 tried to get exercises email was not at 81 00:05:56,320 --> 00:06:14,529 all 82 00:05:57,010 --> 00:06:14,529 [Music] 83 00:06:20,910 --> 00:06:32,200 you know whatever whoever goes to the 84 00:06:28,320 --> 00:06:34,810 Beijing minion is realized to talk to 85 00:06:32,200 --> 00:06:36,310 everybody I will talk in Chinese and I 86 00:06:34,810 --> 00:06:39,280 will help you to translate this into 87 00:06:36,310 --> 00:06:42,250 English and first of all professor phone 88 00:06:39,280 --> 00:06:50,500 will introduce some brief introduction 89 00:06:42,250 --> 00:06:52,240 about this project finance finance just 90 00:06:50,500 --> 00:06:56,680 listen one minute to the fathers I 91 00:06:52,240 --> 00:06:58,960 wanted some corridors in yen the heart 92 00:06:56,680 --> 00:07:02,230 wants to be shy goes next year we were 93 00:06:58,960 --> 00:07:05,590 busy 50 years of the cellphone of the 94 00:07:02,230 --> 00:07:08,500 internet so we are looking for forward 95 00:07:05,590 --> 00:07:11,730 to review the past 50 years and looking 96 00:07:08,500 --> 00:07:11,730 forward to the next 50 years 97 00:07:16,480 --> 00:07:25,900 come on the mall says she wants a TD run 98 00:07:19,420 --> 00:07:28,720 and go one sant'angelo by whoever and to 99 00:07:25,900 --> 00:07:31,960 this project we started in the year of 100 00:07:28,720 --> 00:07:34,870 2007 and this is 11 years and our 101 00:07:31,960 --> 00:07:38,500 promotion or our what we are going to do 102 00:07:34,870 --> 00:07:41,290 in the future is a we are going to make 103 00:07:38,500 --> 00:07:45,930 the interview with the 5500 people 104 00:07:41,290 --> 00:07:45,930 around the world in the internet area 105 00:07:53,370 --> 00:07:58,510 and these 500 people we think they are 106 00:07:56,530 --> 00:08:01,210 the founder of the Internet and through 107 00:07:58,510 --> 00:08:02,770 study then we can know the whole 108 00:08:01,210 --> 00:08:06,040 procedure and there's a whole progress 109 00:08:02,770 --> 00:08:08,980 of the funding of the Internet 110 00:08:06,040 --> 00:08:10,470 Thomas you mean the Union those who I 111 00:08:08,980 --> 00:08:12,690 want isn't Jackie yeah 112 00:08:10,470 --> 00:08:16,510 Filipino food I want charge the Condor 113 00:08:12,690 --> 00:08:19,540 and they also the standardization of the 114 00:08:16,510 --> 00:08:23,550 hue of the new human civilization and 115 00:08:19,540 --> 00:08:23,550 they also can show us the future 116 00:08:24,960 --> 00:08:30,310 chou-heung detail code who saw the three 117 00:08:28,720 --> 00:08:34,210 judge how did the tea will treat them 118 00:08:30,310 --> 00:08:37,120 fully on its a bantha someone and 119 00:08:34,210 --> 00:08:39,040 through their stories we can encourage 120 00:08:37,120 --> 00:08:41,440 people from all over the world to 121 00:08:39,040 --> 00:08:45,030 exchange their ideas and we can also 122 00:08:41,440 --> 00:08:45,030 looking forward to the future 123 00:08:47,050 --> 00:08:54,720 - talking to Sangha we do like shiny the 124 00:08:50,310 --> 00:08:58,660 keepin people mean done much young woman 125 00:08:54,720 --> 00:09:03,040 100 made the fountain 126 00:08:58,660 --> 00:09:05,980 and we from cerise sectors or we said we 127 00:09:03,040 --> 00:09:09,370 select the candidates from the technical 128 00:09:05,980 --> 00:09:11,500 and the business model and the other the 129 00:09:09,370 --> 00:09:15,540 other things and for the European 130 00:09:11,500 --> 00:09:18,910 candidates we have already done the 107 131 00:09:15,540 --> 00:09:25,090 705 people and for the Asian area we 132 00:09:18,910 --> 00:09:29,320 have our rate down the 775 Yankees are 133 00:09:25,090 --> 00:09:35,470 gonna go to ones and - Michael and to 134 00:09:29,320 --> 00:09:40,590 the taiga is generally doesn't come on 135 00:09:35,470 --> 00:09:40,590 Bernstein was Anejo open and truly homey 136 00:09:41,260 --> 00:09:47,230 and by the year of the 2019 we supposed 137 00:09:44,800 --> 00:09:50,350 to do the interview with at least 400 138 00:09:47,230 --> 00:09:53,710 people and with each candidate and least 139 00:09:50,350 --> 00:09:56,290 two hours and the maximum will be the 4 140 00:09:53,710 --> 00:09:58,900 hours and after we complete all the 141 00:09:56,290 --> 00:10:02,170 projects we are going to publish all the 142 00:09:58,900 --> 00:10:08,070 informations the three videos to the 143 00:10:02,170 --> 00:10:11,410 internet for free teens are to put on 144 00:10:08,070 --> 00:10:12,730 whatever trait on the kuan-yin cheating 145 00:10:11,410 --> 00:10:15,340 waiter can I change I'll put her on this 146 00:10:12,730 --> 00:10:17,290 is that Eva has made what would happen 147 00:10:15,340 --> 00:10:19,690 is that didn't have made what a food I 148 00:10:17,290 --> 00:10:21,940 want one in Tucson can change he'll 149 00:10:19,690 --> 00:10:23,290 prepare this is part know what she wants 150 00:10:21,940 --> 00:10:25,960 a home because it is an angle Phi 151 00:10:23,290 --> 00:10:29,110 integral by Felipe the one integral to 152 00:10:25,960 --> 00:10:31,330 the song one reason and we believe that 153 00:10:29,110 --> 00:10:33,070 in each country they have the unique 154 00:10:31,330 --> 00:10:34,660 stories of the Internet 155 00:10:33,070 --> 00:10:36,970 and each country they have the 156 00:10:34,660 --> 00:10:39,430 significant people to promote the 157 00:10:36,970 --> 00:10:42,730 Internet in their countries but from our 158 00:10:39,430 --> 00:10:45,190 point of view this year and in nowadays 159 00:10:42,730 --> 00:10:48,220 the history of the internet is a history 160 00:10:45,190 --> 00:10:50,260 of the American internet and as we all 161 00:10:48,220 --> 00:10:52,180 know that the American people there are 162 00:10:50,260 --> 00:10:54,460 only eight percent of the whole 163 00:10:52,180 --> 00:10:56,680 population around the world and we 164 00:10:54,460 --> 00:11:00,760 believe that through this program we can 165 00:10:56,680 --> 00:11:07,930 express the 100 percent netizens will 166 00:11:00,760 --> 00:11:11,620 from out of the road woman she want to 167 00:11:07,930 --> 00:11:15,190 keep an young man at the cotillion 168 00:11:11,620 --> 00:11:17,440 you're a talented one hope in time lunch 169 00:11:15,190 --> 00:11:20,890 and children go giant article Germany 170 00:11:17,440 --> 00:11:23,020 online to speed up this program next 171 00:11:20,890 --> 00:11:27,010 year and this year we are going to set 172 00:11:23,020 --> 00:11:30,220 up our of official website and we are 173 00:11:27,010 --> 00:11:40,750 going to do more interview and also that 174 00:11:30,220 --> 00:11:42,370 open database change for the Honduran 175 00:11:40,750 --> 00:11:48,670 and goes hi Angela because of other 176 00:11:42,370 --> 00:11:50,290 issues I wanted to go well my father the 177 00:11:48,670 --> 00:11:53,950 oral history of the Internet this 178 00:11:50,290 --> 00:11:56,620 project is not commercial and the the 179 00:11:53,950 --> 00:11:59,710 the outcome of this project is for free 180 00:11:56,620 --> 00:12:02,440 is for everybody and from China we can 181 00:11:59,710 --> 00:12:04,630 we want the all along the role to join 182 00:12:02,440 --> 00:12:06,880 its program and we can do it together in 183 00:12:04,630 --> 00:12:19,450 the future for the whole internet for 184 00:12:06,880 --> 00:12:20,830 the next generation the tide of the 185 00:12:19,450 --> 00:12:22,510 Internet is just the beginning 186 00:12:20,830 --> 00:12:24,700 and we are going to carry out our 187 00:12:22,510 --> 00:12:31,630 project and we are looking for war to 188 00:12:24,700 --> 00:12:34,120 your voice okay thank you attack - phone 189 00:12:31,630 --> 00:12:36,640 let me do a brief introduction about 190 00:12:34,120 --> 00:12:38,830 doctor phone telephone is Dean of the 191 00:12:36,640 --> 00:12:41,050 International internet Institute at 192 00:12:38,830 --> 00:12:43,210 Shonto University in China he also the 193 00:12:41,050 --> 00:12:44,100 founder of the industry of the cyber 194 00:12:43,210 --> 00:12:46,740 labs 195 00:12:44,100 --> 00:12:50,069 and now he's now he's promoting the 196 00:12:46,740 --> 00:12:53,100 project about in oral oral history of 197 00:12:50,069 --> 00:12:56,009 the internet and today our five speakers 198 00:12:53,100 --> 00:12:59,420 from very different Austria different 199 00:12:56,009 --> 00:13:03,420 kind of view and the second speaker is 200 00:12:59,420 --> 00:13:05,970 the it's the mr. Lewis present he is the 201 00:13:03,420 --> 00:13:08,480 father of Internet in France from his 202 00:13:05,970 --> 00:13:10,740 point of view he can share the history 203 00:13:08,480 --> 00:13:13,190 developed in the West world 204 00:13:10,740 --> 00:13:23,310 especially from the European perspective 205 00:13:13,190 --> 00:13:27,000 that's welcome that Mister present thank 206 00:13:23,310 --> 00:13:29,069 you very much history of Internet is 207 00:13:27,000 --> 00:13:31,829 like history birth perhaps they were 208 00:13:29,069 --> 00:13:33,560 last millions of years but at the moment 209 00:13:31,829 --> 00:13:38,130 you know we're just in the beginning I 210 00:13:33,560 --> 00:13:41,250 curate it started around I mean if you 211 00:13:38,130 --> 00:13:43,920 if you consider Internet is having a 212 00:13:41,250 --> 00:13:48,870 specific technology like carrying data 213 00:13:43,920 --> 00:13:52,139 in terms of small small pieces we call 214 00:13:48,870 --> 00:13:57,089 packets or messages or whatever well 215 00:13:52,139 --> 00:14:00,209 that started in 1965 perhaps but not 216 00:13:57,089 --> 00:14:03,480 just the theory the but the practice the 217 00:14:00,209 --> 00:14:08,089 practice started in 68 and the first 218 00:14:03,480 --> 00:14:11,519 network doing that was a Spanish Network 219 00:14:08,089 --> 00:14:15,350 trying transacting Bank banking 220 00:14:11,519 --> 00:14:20,939 transactions for the Spanish bankers and 221 00:14:15,350 --> 00:14:23,029 then of course we had eight a33 networks 222 00:14:20,939 --> 00:14:24,149 which almost gave up almost 223 00:14:23,029 --> 00:14:27,360 simultaneously 224 00:14:24,149 --> 00:14:34,230 you had the the ARPANET well known 225 00:14:27,360 --> 00:14:36,389 because as a as a university network it 226 00:14:34,230 --> 00:14:41,730 has a lot of publications but there was 227 00:14:36,389 --> 00:14:45,649 simultaneously a network of for carrying 228 00:14:41,730 --> 00:14:50,399 airline reservations was a sitter as ITA 229 00:14:45,649 --> 00:14:53,850 and also a commercial Network call time 230 00:14:50,399 --> 00:14:56,370 net just providing timeshare in United 231 00:14:53,850 --> 00:15:01,019 States and finally time that big 232 00:14:56,370 --> 00:15:06,209 the first worldwide let's say you need 233 00:15:01,019 --> 00:15:08,339 access network to any computer for doing 234 00:15:06,209 --> 00:15:11,160 time sharing or simple administrative 235 00:15:08,339 --> 00:15:13,379 work and after that of course things 236 00:15:11,160 --> 00:15:16,579 keep revolution we had in France a 237 00:15:13,379 --> 00:15:24,629 saccade Network which created the first 238 00:15:16,579 --> 00:15:29,399 Datagram network and later on you had me 239 00:15:24,629 --> 00:15:32,040 say routing which was promoted initially 240 00:15:29,399 --> 00:15:38,220 well did the principles were determined 241 00:15:32,040 --> 00:15:41,189 in 65 by a an engineer George anything 242 00:15:38,220 --> 00:15:46,889 from Poland but I he was an American it 243 00:15:41,189 --> 00:15:49,110 was a Poland and he was powerful it a 244 00:15:46,889 --> 00:15:53,220 name anyway he was there from the Ryan 245 00:15:49,110 --> 00:15:55,529 corporation called Barwon and at the 246 00:15:53,220 --> 00:15:59,360 same time at about the same time in the 247 00:15:55,529 --> 00:16:05,149 UK a scientist called Donald Davis also 248 00:15:59,360 --> 00:16:09,480 had studied the propagation of data mean 249 00:16:05,149 --> 00:16:12,809 doing some sort of a flux analysis 250 00:16:09,480 --> 00:16:18,470 within a network so that it was the 251 00:16:12,809 --> 00:16:21,480 first first approach to a let's say 252 00:16:18,470 --> 00:16:26,360 managing traffic within a single network 253 00:16:21,480 --> 00:16:31,470 and after that you had later on the web 254 00:16:26,360 --> 00:16:37,679 the web in 98 I was a an invention by 255 00:16:31,470 --> 00:16:42,509 scientists at CERN the Europeans nuclear 256 00:16:37,679 --> 00:16:45,569 center in New York he was to two people 257 00:16:42,509 --> 00:16:49,110 one was British Tim berners-lee and the 258 00:16:45,569 --> 00:16:52,410 other one was a Belgium person it was a 259 00:16:49,110 --> 00:16:55,679 vehicle so that was the beginning of the 260 00:16:52,410 --> 00:16:59,399 internet what the American have done is 261 00:16:55,679 --> 00:17:04,230 to propagate the ARPANET almost 262 00:16:59,399 --> 00:17:07,199 worldwide except China and that is often 263 00:17:04,230 --> 00:17:09,240 considered as the the major development 264 00:17:07,199 --> 00:17:10,080 well he was certainly technical 265 00:17:09,240 --> 00:17:14,100 development 266 00:17:10,080 --> 00:17:16,890 and also technical financing a gigantic 267 00:17:14,100 --> 00:17:19,709 financing but actually most countries 268 00:17:16,890 --> 00:17:23,160 developed the internet on their own way 269 00:17:19,709 --> 00:17:26,940 by introducing variants either due to 270 00:17:23,160 --> 00:17:29,820 their languages or due to the specific 271 00:17:26,940 --> 00:17:33,570 interest they had for propagating for 272 00:17:29,820 --> 00:17:36,120 studying data communications so I think 273 00:17:33,570 --> 00:17:39,590 the Internet is actually a or a 274 00:17:36,120 --> 00:17:42,000 multiplicity of technologies for example 275 00:17:39,590 --> 00:17:42,630 mobility mobility doesn't exist in 276 00:17:42,000 --> 00:17:47,100 Internet 277 00:17:42,630 --> 00:17:50,010 wherever you have a mobile user it has 278 00:17:47,100 --> 00:17:53,370 to go through the telecom operators so a 279 00:17:50,010 --> 00:17:56,070 lot of it's a I would say deficiencies 280 00:17:53,370 --> 00:18:01,890 because that was something associated 281 00:17:56,070 --> 00:18:03,810 with prototypes the Internet as a if you 282 00:18:01,890 --> 00:18:04,620 look at the architecture it's just a 283 00:18:03,810 --> 00:18:07,590 prototype 284 00:18:04,620 --> 00:18:10,950 it hasn't changed it was the the the 285 00:18:07,590 --> 00:18:13,980 architecture we defined in in 73 in 286 00:18:10,950 --> 00:18:17,090 France it's a network of networks using 287 00:18:13,980 --> 00:18:19,950 data rooms that hasn't changed but 288 00:18:17,090 --> 00:18:22,590 thousands of applications had been 289 00:18:19,950 --> 00:18:24,720 developed on top of that the trouble is 290 00:18:22,590 --> 00:18:27,510 there is no security as you know 291 00:18:24,720 --> 00:18:33,230 security is a big deal now and of course 292 00:18:27,510 --> 00:18:36,180 is not the only the only missing things 293 00:18:33,230 --> 00:18:40,400 authentication can be spoofed and if 294 00:18:36,180 --> 00:18:44,040 easily privacy privacy it someday for 295 00:18:40,400 --> 00:18:47,160 known as people simple people for Google 296 00:18:44,040 --> 00:18:51,360 or Facebook there's no privacy and so on 297 00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:54,420 so and finally in many countries around 298 00:18:51,360 --> 00:18:55,980 the world they don't speak did not speak 299 00:18:54,420 --> 00:19:00,420 English or they don't speak a language 300 00:18:55,980 --> 00:19:02,730 their life or using the the simple ASCII 301 00:19:00,420 --> 00:19:05,130 alphabet and that's the case in Europe 302 00:19:02,730 --> 00:19:07,500 for example many European languages have 303 00:19:05,130 --> 00:19:10,460 specific languages which she was in 304 00:19:07,500 --> 00:19:14,010 Latin characters but with additional 305 00:19:10,460 --> 00:19:17,870 diacritics which makes those different 306 00:19:14,010 --> 00:19:20,670 and I don't speak of Asian languages 307 00:19:17,870 --> 00:19:21,550 middle-east languages and so on Indian 308 00:19:20,670 --> 00:19:25,390 language 309 00:19:21,550 --> 00:19:27,340 which completely different from the 310 00:19:25,390 --> 00:19:28,000 language what's available with an 311 00:19:27,340 --> 00:19:30,640 Internet 312 00:19:28,000 --> 00:19:33,970 in other words internet is obsolete it 313 00:19:30,640 --> 00:19:37,030 has to be reinvented and that's coming 314 00:19:33,970 --> 00:19:43,480 that's coming we started a few years ago 315 00:19:37,030 --> 00:19:45,940 in France using individual or specific 316 00:19:43,480 --> 00:19:50,710 top-level domains independent former 317 00:19:45,940 --> 00:19:53,890 from ICANN but that's a first a first 318 00:19:50,710 --> 00:19:55,810 step it was not changing the 319 00:19:53,890 --> 00:19:57,460 architecture it was just introducing new 320 00:19:55,810 --> 00:20:00,430 facilities that we are not available 321 00:19:57,460 --> 00:20:04,480 from people who were not satisfied with 322 00:20:00,430 --> 00:20:07,420 the top-level domains offered by again 323 00:20:04,480 --> 00:20:10,090 but now the future years new Internet's 324 00:20:07,420 --> 00:20:14,730 I don't know it's totally virtual 325 00:20:10,090 --> 00:20:19,410 internet which can be developed and 326 00:20:14,730 --> 00:20:22,710 targeted to specific needs languages 327 00:20:19,410 --> 00:20:26,040 security that can be operated or 328 00:20:22,710 --> 00:20:28,090 implemented at different level of 329 00:20:26,040 --> 00:20:31,780 specifications depending on the need of 330 00:20:28,090 --> 00:20:39,370 the users so I guess I got the five 331 00:20:31,780 --> 00:20:42,100 minutes thank you thank you to provide 332 00:20:39,370 --> 00:20:45,490 an introduction to lead us to trust back 333 00:20:42,100 --> 00:20:47,620 the pepper past 15 years and when the 334 00:20:45,490 --> 00:20:50,860 Internet is involved in in the West 335 00:20:47,620 --> 00:20:53,170 world but also he point out what the 336 00:20:50,860 --> 00:20:55,420 internet is apply in different countries 337 00:20:53,170 --> 00:20:58,120 now the Internet is not only the 338 00:20:55,420 --> 00:21:00,400 technology driven tech tools but also 339 00:20:58,120 --> 00:21:02,650 involve the cultural language regional 340 00:21:00,400 --> 00:21:05,710 and it will face more more challenges in 341 00:21:02,650 --> 00:21:09,490 the future so now the next as our 342 00:21:05,710 --> 00:21:14,980 speakers from another perspective is the 343 00:21:09,490 --> 00:21:17,290 doctor and will I hope my pronunciation 344 00:21:14,980 --> 00:21:21,340 is correct and he is from our Republic 345 00:21:17,290 --> 00:21:23,590 of Yemen and also he is the acting 346 00:21:21,340 --> 00:21:26,170 Minister and president of the National 347 00:21:23,590 --> 00:21:29,290 Information Center and from his 348 00:21:26,170 --> 00:21:31,840 perspective view he can provide her from 349 00:21:29,290 --> 00:21:34,600 the Arabic word how the Internet is used 350 00:21:31,840 --> 00:21:40,270 applied and what future you expect 351 00:21:34,600 --> 00:21:43,840 to see let's welcome I would like first 352 00:21:40,270 --> 00:21:48,429 of all to thank the organizers for 353 00:21:43,840 --> 00:21:51,220 giving me the chance the opportunity to 354 00:21:48,429 --> 00:21:53,919 participate in this discussion 355 00:21:51,220 --> 00:21:57,549 secondly I'm very happy to be with an 356 00:21:53,919 --> 00:21:59,730 expert in there in the field of 357 00:21:57,549 --> 00:22:04,140 communication and internet and also 358 00:21:59,730 --> 00:22:08,130 greet professors in the same field so 359 00:22:04,140 --> 00:22:13,929 the history of Internet in the air ball 360 00:22:08,130 --> 00:22:16,990 it makes almost 26 or 27 years of the 15 361 00:22:13,929 --> 00:22:21,760 years of the history of the internet it 362 00:22:16,990 --> 00:22:24,610 started the first arab countries which 363 00:22:21,760 --> 00:22:30,669 connected which has been connected to 364 00:22:24,610 --> 00:22:33,159 internet was the Tunisia in 1991 then al 365 00:22:30,669 --> 00:22:41,860 Kuwait in 1992 366 00:22:33,159 --> 00:22:48,070 then Syria and Qatar in 1994 then Yemen 367 00:22:41,860 --> 00:22:50,070 from which I am coming in 1996 as we 368 00:22:48,070 --> 00:22:54,730 know the population of the world now 369 00:22:50,070 --> 00:22:59,370 they are almost seven million seven 370 00:22:54,730 --> 00:23:03,610 billion and six hundred millions 371 00:22:59,370 --> 00:23:07,450 publishing in the real world half of 372 00:23:03,610 --> 00:23:10,630 them on the virtual world on the 373 00:23:07,450 --> 00:23:16,690 internet about three million and three 374 00:23:10,630 --> 00:23:21,220 billion and 700 million are the users of 375 00:23:16,690 --> 00:23:27,000 the internet they use the Facebook they 376 00:23:21,220 --> 00:23:31,320 use Twitter the use whatsapp and Huxter 377 00:23:27,000 --> 00:23:38,890 from the three billion and seven 378 00:23:31,320 --> 00:23:43,090 thousand hundred million about 226 379 00:23:38,890 --> 00:23:47,360 million are from the Arab or they are 380 00:23:43,090 --> 00:23:49,880 almost 57% of the population 381 00:23:47,360 --> 00:23:54,190 of the Arab world so the bin attrition 382 00:23:49,880 --> 00:24:01,429 of the internet and our board is about 383 00:23:54,190 --> 00:24:04,960 57% but this is this is as in all the 384 00:24:01,429 --> 00:24:07,850 our countries but if we see for example 385 00:24:04,960 --> 00:24:11,240 the proliferation of internet in Qatar 386 00:24:07,850 --> 00:24:11,750 it is it comes from the first countries 387 00:24:11,240 --> 00:24:20,720 in the world 388 00:24:11,750 --> 00:24:25,190 it is almost 94% it comes also the 389 00:24:20,720 --> 00:24:27,380 Emirates it is about 91% from the 390 00:24:25,190 --> 00:24:30,169 population they are connected to the 391 00:24:27,380 --> 00:24:36,740 Internet and the Bahrain 392 00:24:30,169 --> 00:24:42,370 it is about 90% connected from the 393 00:24:36,740 --> 00:24:48,820 publishing connected to internet in so 394 00:24:42,370 --> 00:24:52,610 there are different levels of Internet 395 00:24:48,820 --> 00:24:55,760 services in the Arab world in yemen 396 00:24:52,610 --> 00:25:02,450 specially the starting of the internet 397 00:24:55,760 --> 00:25:08,620 was in 1996 and it was controlled by 398 00:25:02,450 --> 00:25:12,740 only one company government company and 399 00:25:08,620 --> 00:25:17,059 until now I want to tell you that the 400 00:25:12,740 --> 00:25:20,919 situation there is not developed as the 401 00:25:17,059 --> 00:25:24,980 other countries we are still using 402 00:25:20,919 --> 00:25:29,559 communication networks which comes from 403 00:25:24,980 --> 00:25:34,370 the second and the third generation the 404 00:25:29,559 --> 00:25:39,020 world is now using the 5g with the 405 00:25:34,370 --> 00:25:43,850 higher speed but in Yemen still using 406 00:25:39,020 --> 00:25:49,010 these equations which are not developed 407 00:25:43,850 --> 00:25:53,690 so the Yemeni people doesn't don't have 408 00:25:49,010 --> 00:25:56,720 the right to access high-speed Internet 409 00:25:53,690 --> 00:25:59,390 to to use the 410 00:25:56,720 --> 00:26:03,980 Internet and the communication networks 411 00:25:59,390 --> 00:26:09,530 for their can you say electronic or 412 00:26:03,980 --> 00:26:12,980 digital publicist we are aiming to to to 413 00:26:09,530 --> 00:26:16,730 develop the situation in Yemen we really 414 00:26:12,980 --> 00:26:19,850 have we really have a gap between Yemen 415 00:26:16,730 --> 00:26:26,390 and the other countries and our board 416 00:26:19,850 --> 00:26:30,020 and also in the world globally so we are 417 00:26:26,390 --> 00:26:32,780 we are aiming we are dreaming to to to 418 00:26:30,020 --> 00:26:38,780 coordinate with the international 419 00:26:32,780 --> 00:26:44,570 community to help us how to bus this gap 420 00:26:38,780 --> 00:26:48,950 and the Yemeni people to have the right 421 00:26:44,570 --> 00:26:55,880 to access to and develop and and 422 00:26:48,950 --> 00:27:04,360 high-speed Internet and very good voice 423 00:26:55,880 --> 00:27:07,669 and data transfer and also in quality 424 00:27:04,360 --> 00:27:12,919 using of the internet and also the 425 00:27:07,669 --> 00:27:14,990 communication networks thank you Thank 426 00:27:12,919 --> 00:27:18,500 You mr. Minister to provide an 427 00:27:14,990 --> 00:27:21,980 introduction about the internet world in 428 00:27:18,500 --> 00:27:24,140 Arabic as a Yemen as a special case and 429 00:27:21,980 --> 00:27:27,500 so we can find that in the Western world 430 00:27:24,140 --> 00:27:31,730 oh not only in the West world but also 431 00:27:27,500 --> 00:27:35,270 in Asia there already has high internet 432 00:27:31,730 --> 00:27:39,289 penetration but in Arabic word is there 433 00:27:35,270 --> 00:27:41,900 a lot of countries still lag behind the 434 00:27:39,289 --> 00:27:44,240 world standard so now we will move to 435 00:27:41,900 --> 00:27:46,220 our next speakers to our professor 436 00:27:44,240 --> 00:27:49,520 something new and from his perspective 437 00:27:46,220 --> 00:27:52,250 as a China is a big internet countries 438 00:27:49,520 --> 00:28:00,860 and he will provide some his perspective 439 00:27:52,250 --> 00:28:05,390 to us I'm very pressured to be with you 440 00:28:00,860 --> 00:28:08,390 today here and talk about the the first 441 00:28:05,390 --> 00:28:12,530 50 years of the Internet 442 00:28:08,390 --> 00:28:19,460 the projector and the erection of the 443 00:28:12,530 --> 00:28:25,790 internet I when I got my PhD from the 444 00:28:19,460 --> 00:28:29,720 United State is 19 that if not for the 445 00:28:25,790 --> 00:28:36,770 when that time I asked her Chinese 446 00:28:29,720 --> 00:28:41,929 embassy in Holland I talked embassy said 447 00:28:36,770 --> 00:28:42,679 I wonder email account in China but the 448 00:28:41,929 --> 00:28:47,570 embassy 449 00:28:42,679 --> 00:28:50,600 part of me is work hard because 1994 the 450 00:28:47,570 --> 00:28:54,230 Chinese the China is only access to 451 00:28:50,600 --> 00:28:58,700 Internet is very few people can get the 452 00:28:54,230 --> 00:28:59,750 immigrant but when that time I'm only 453 00:28:58,700 --> 00:29:05,150 student 454 00:28:59,750 --> 00:29:08,570 so the Ching hai worsley total imbecile 455 00:29:05,150 --> 00:29:12,860 the university came gave me the email 456 00:29:08,570 --> 00:29:22,160 account so I'm back to China only for 457 00:29:12,860 --> 00:29:26,270 the Yuma count the past 24 years the 458 00:29:22,160 --> 00:29:29,000 China have a big changing I in charge 459 00:29:26,270 --> 00:29:32,299 the many in the net projector I 460 00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:36,070 published of the first book on internet 461 00:29:32,299 --> 00:29:41,660 called the information society 4.0 in 462 00:29:36,070 --> 00:29:48,100 was 2000 2000 year as now imagine 463 00:29:41,660 --> 00:29:55,790 charger is a national projector on the 464 00:29:48,100 --> 00:30:00,980 internet counters so I think the future 465 00:29:55,790 --> 00:30:06,020 of the Internet is not only in technique 466 00:30:00,980 --> 00:30:12,250 technique air is different there of put 467 00:30:06,020 --> 00:30:16,820 color again joined the kitchen the 468 00:30:12,250 --> 00:30:20,870 economy the technique the media the 469 00:30:16,820 --> 00:30:22,310 culture the language and not only the 470 00:30:20,870 --> 00:30:26,590 unit state 471 00:30:22,310 --> 00:30:33,650 you have a different country French and 472 00:30:26,590 --> 00:30:37,030 I assure you so the future of the 473 00:30:33,650 --> 00:30:41,180 internet Ison is very important project 474 00:30:37,030 --> 00:30:44,680 the doctor function dong is now is a bit 475 00:30:41,180 --> 00:30:50,420 is a very good job I support him so why 476 00:30:44,680 --> 00:30:54,310 come here I'm here the advice of all PhD 477 00:30:50,420 --> 00:31:05,120 they project them but the key is very 478 00:30:54,310 --> 00:31:10,390 now he's the professor for him so I only 479 00:31:05,120 --> 00:31:14,390 want said we won't support this project 480 00:31:10,390 --> 00:31:19,040 from a common denominator 481 00:31:14,390 --> 00:31:20,330 I shall we are so on the whole they are 482 00:31:19,040 --> 00:31:24,650 own people 483 00:31:20,330 --> 00:31:30,590 yes support here today I only find a way 484 00:31:24,650 --> 00:31:38,450 if the audience here I want more after 485 00:31:30,590 --> 00:31:41,630 this thank you thank you a professor 486 00:31:38,450 --> 00:31:45,140 professor Cheng now we have the voice 487 00:31:41,630 --> 00:31:48,050 from the government expertise and also 488 00:31:45,140 --> 00:31:52,580 from the academic now we are moving to 489 00:31:48,050 --> 00:31:59,660 our legs last speaker is some gentle 490 00:31:52,580 --> 00:32:02,110 Lieberman and she is director hello 491 00:31:59,660 --> 00:32:06,530 everybody 492 00:32:02,110 --> 00:32:11,600 as I said mister person the next 493 00:32:06,530 --> 00:32:17,140 internet will be arrived now it will be 494 00:32:11,600 --> 00:32:21,440 a new Internet Protocol hina eye and a 495 00:32:17,140 --> 00:32:24,380 recursive internet work a filter with 496 00:32:21,440 --> 00:32:26,720 the new internet is on the way 497 00:32:24,380 --> 00:32:30,830 it's very important for all all people 498 00:32:26,720 --> 00:32:33,820 all the world it's not in a virtual 499 00:32:30,830 --> 00:32:37,450 Internet it's a real project 500 00:32:33,820 --> 00:32:43,780 flopped both in u.s. Boston University 501 00:32:37,450 --> 00:32:51,850 and most in Europe in Spain in Germany 502 00:32:43,780 --> 00:32:57,280 in very shred in Island - with European 503 00:32:51,850 --> 00:33:02,140 funding very very a lot of money from 504 00:32:57,280 --> 00:33:06,070 European today more than 50 researchers 505 00:33:02,140 --> 00:33:08,920 are working every day to develop and 506 00:33:06,070 --> 00:33:14,760 launching a new Internet a new internet 507 00:33:08,920 --> 00:33:19,090 with vena new protocols one of this 508 00:33:14,760 --> 00:33:21,610 protocol is for mobility as mr. Musa 509 00:33:19,090 --> 00:33:26,290 said now in internet we have not 510 00:33:21,610 --> 00:33:30,340 mobility we Rena we will have 5g 511 00:33:26,290 --> 00:33:33,840 mobility no problem it's very important 512 00:33:30,340 --> 00:33:38,560 it's developed and now in Germany 513 00:33:33,840 --> 00:33:42,210 another winner project is in US and it 514 00:33:38,560 --> 00:33:47,700 will save a super to large fraction of 515 00:33:42,210 --> 00:33:51,790 financial reduction it's a new internet 516 00:33:47,700 --> 00:33:57,730 it will happen it will appear in the two 517 00:33:51,790 --> 00:34:00,550 to five years max maybe less free of all 518 00:33:57,730 --> 00:34:04,750 the restriction as a mr. Putin side 519 00:34:00,550 --> 00:34:09,820 mobility illogical orthotic privacy 520 00:34:04,750 --> 00:34:10,950 security etc if the actual internet is 521 00:34:09,820 --> 00:34:14,950 obsolete 522 00:34:10,950 --> 00:34:20,080 we now who will be the future of 523 00:34:14,950 --> 00:34:22,320 Internet but it's it's a real Internet 524 00:34:20,080 --> 00:34:22,320 to 525 00:34:23,230 --> 00:34:32,600 thanks for our last speaker our madam 526 00:34:28,580 --> 00:34:34,159 Libra ment and as she mentioned that now 527 00:34:32,600 --> 00:34:38,060 Internet has not belongs to the 528 00:34:34,159 --> 00:34:41,899 expertise or engineers or academic 529 00:34:38,060 --> 00:34:44,540 people it's also it belongs to the all 530 00:34:41,899 --> 00:34:47,510 human human beings so the internet 531 00:34:44,540 --> 00:34:53,360 history is contributed by the the order 532 00:34:47,510 --> 00:34:56,659 human human beings today is is organized 533 00:34:53,360 --> 00:34:59,780 by the whole world so the the last one 534 00:34:56,659 --> 00:35:01,430 we will play a video it's a speech from 535 00:34:59,780 --> 00:35:04,220 the a mr. Mark Webber 536 00:35:01,430 --> 00:35:07,310 he is internal history program curator 537 00:35:04,220 --> 00:35:10,090 director and he will gives a as a four 538 00:35:07,310 --> 00:35:10,090 minutes video 539 00:36:09,759 --> 00:36:17,930 and due to some technical problem 540 00:36:13,819 --> 00:36:20,359 we lost our video sorry and maybe we can 541 00:36:17,930 --> 00:36:53,029 make some negotiation and - if you have 542 00:36:20,359 --> 00:36:55,160 any week at it yeah but colleagues and I 543 00:36:53,029 --> 00:36:57,289 have used a similar approach more 544 00:36:55,160 --> 00:37:15,410 recently to research other smaller 545 00:36:57,289 --> 00:37:23,119 topics your first interview we brought 546 00:37:15,410 --> 00:37:26,210 the Internet the web was exploding and 547 00:37:23,119 --> 00:37:29,029 oppressive there was almost no accurate 548 00:37:26,210 --> 00:37:32,140 knowledge of where it came from were the 549 00:37:29,029 --> 00:37:34,690 intentions of its creators 550 00:37:32,140 --> 00:37:37,930 Bette introduced me to programmers Jones 551 00:37:34,690 --> 00:37:42,550 once autograph and to Tim's mamed 552 00:37:37,930 --> 00:37:46,210 colleague in the project Robert Kyle and 553 00:37:42,550 --> 00:37:50,080 then in computing division and Tim's 554 00:37:46,210 --> 00:37:52,600 boss mics and all and then Tim himself 555 00:37:50,080 --> 00:37:55,750 and so on and so on 556 00:37:52,600 --> 00:38:00,100 and each person I interviewed in turn 557 00:37:55,750 --> 00:38:02,080 suggested others within 18 months I and 558 00:38:00,100 --> 00:38:04,210 a couple of new colleagues and the 559 00:38:02,080 --> 00:38:07,570 effort it interviewed nearly a hundred 560 00:38:04,210 --> 00:38:13,810 women I protects pioneers from Geneva to 561 00:38:07,570 --> 00:38:16,180 Boston and the enthusiasm for all this 562 00:38:13,810 --> 00:38:19,060 came from within the develop web 563 00:38:16,180 --> 00:38:22,120 development community not from 564 00:38:19,060 --> 00:38:26,380 universities or museums or traditional 565 00:38:22,120 --> 00:38:28,660 archiving institutions which were not 566 00:38:26,380 --> 00:38:32,320 yet paying they weren't quite sure how 567 00:38:28,660 --> 00:38:34,330 to deal with something so new as they 568 00:38:32,320 --> 00:38:36,310 look back today I'm pleased that what we 569 00:38:34,330 --> 00:38:39,430 learned that is a large least of the 570 00:38:36,310 --> 00:38:42,160 test of time the various creation that's 571 00:38:39,430 --> 00:38:45,010 pushed by the players of the era faded 572 00:38:42,160 --> 00:38:48,170 away and what remains is at least a 573 00:38:45,010 --> 00:38:51,540 rough outline of a narrative 574 00:38:48,170 --> 00:38:54,290 it gives me confidence something sort 575 00:38:51,540 --> 00:38:54,290 themselves out 576 00:38:56,440 --> 00:39:03,460 but I realize some of that is just a 577 00:38:59,560 --> 00:39:06,010 lock in a new field it's pretty much 578 00:39:03,460 --> 00:39:13,240 unavoidable that you will imprint on 579 00:39:06,010 --> 00:39:16,030 your first sources especially if you are 580 00:39:13,240 --> 00:39:20,290 their major rift which they represent a 581 00:39:16,030 --> 00:39:22,810 particular side of all sources have a 582 00:39:20,290 --> 00:39:26,290 point of view and no matter how unbiased 583 00:39:22,810 --> 00:39:29,069 they try to be far more emotional 584 00:39:26,290 --> 00:39:31,839 involvement than you do as a researcher 585 00:39:29,069 --> 00:39:34,810 I'm grateful that I started with people 586 00:39:31,839 --> 00:39:38,380 who had fairly reasonable overviews and 587 00:39:34,810 --> 00:39:39,970 a degree of self deprecation I've had 588 00:39:38,380 --> 00:39:42,400 colleagues and other parts of that 589 00:39:39,970 --> 00:39:44,920 working history who's starting points 590 00:39:42,400 --> 00:39:46,810 resources with a strong bodies that can 591 00:39:44,920 --> 00:39:51,250 take two years to separate the wheat 592 00:39:46,810 --> 00:39:53,470 from the chaff but with persistence even 593 00:39:51,250 --> 00:39:56,400 those colleagues did arrive and balanced 594 00:39:53,470 --> 00:39:58,240 understanding through more interviews 595 00:39:56,400 --> 00:40:01,000 personally I've been pleasantly 596 00:39:58,240 --> 00:40:04,000 surprised that with even the most 597 00:40:01,000 --> 00:40:08,290 seemingly intractable disagreements over 598 00:40:04,000 --> 00:40:11,140 facts if you interview both sides you 599 00:40:08,290 --> 00:40:13,560 got a pretty good sense at least where 600 00:40:11,140 --> 00:40:13,560 the truth 601 00:40:13,849 --> 00:40:21,029 but if journalism is the first draft of 602 00:40:17,609 --> 00:40:23,819 history then oral histories are still 603 00:40:21,029 --> 00:40:27,150 only the second they give the basic 604 00:40:23,819 --> 00:40:30,359 narrative which ideally still needs to 605 00:40:27,150 --> 00:40:38,249 be filled in and corroborate written 606 00:40:30,359 --> 00:40:41,390 video their oral histories are like the 607 00:40:38,249 --> 00:40:44,910 artists quick sketch exploratory line 608 00:40:41,390 --> 00:40:49,009 defines the path to be filled in with 609 00:40:44,910 --> 00:40:49,009 the painstaking 610 00:40:50,940 --> 00:40:57,210 at least that's the traditional as more 611 00:40:54,390 --> 00:41:01,890 and more records go online and become 612 00:40:57,210 --> 00:41:06,890 hard to directly observe world history 613 00:41:01,890 --> 00:41:13,849 these these personal histories of people 614 00:41:06,890 --> 00:41:13,849 may survive is the main records 615 00:41:16,579 --> 00:41:19,390 thank you 616 00:41:25,690 --> 00:41:31,150 now the video is finished we can from a 617 00:41:28,839 --> 00:41:33,880 different kind of perspective view it's 618 00:41:31,150 --> 00:41:38,440 found very West and perspective view to 619 00:41:33,880 --> 00:41:41,020 do the auto history and now our panel is 620 00:41:38,440 --> 00:41:44,710 going to finish before we just caused 621 00:41:41,020 --> 00:41:47,230 our panel to our speakers or the guests 622 00:41:44,710 --> 00:41:53,010 have any questions to negotiate with our 623 00:41:47,230 --> 00:41:53,010 guests yes please 624 00:41:53,760 --> 00:42:00,690 yes Bobby's angles on a local joonas 625 00:41:56,890 --> 00:42:04,329 free knows first this is the most 626 00:42:00,690 --> 00:42:07,720 incredible panel I have been attending 627 00:42:04,329 --> 00:42:10,420 seen the inception of the whizzes 628 00:42:07,720 --> 00:42:12,490 process first when I came into the room 629 00:42:10,420 --> 00:42:15,970 I was skeptical because there was no 630 00:42:12,490 --> 00:42:19,119 clear agenda for the session but it is 631 00:42:15,970 --> 00:42:22,900 the first time I hear things in 632 00:42:19,119 --> 00:42:25,809 perspective with real colors and three 633 00:42:22,900 --> 00:42:29,559 dimension of history and not the usual 634 00:42:25,809 --> 00:42:32,680 gospel self praising gospel so that's 635 00:42:29,559 --> 00:42:35,440 something quite incredible now I'm so 636 00:42:32,680 --> 00:42:38,010 enthusiastic that if you allow me I will 637 00:42:35,440 --> 00:42:41,470 ask five but very brief questions 638 00:42:38,010 --> 00:42:43,150 because there are two ways to define the 639 00:42:41,470 --> 00:42:46,299 internet we talk a lot about the 640 00:42:43,150 --> 00:42:48,490 internet but to define the Internet and 641 00:42:46,299 --> 00:42:51,640 the web is much more difficult there are 642 00:42:48,490 --> 00:42:53,799 two possible ways one you come forth 643 00:42:51,640 --> 00:42:57,279 with a formal definition and a formal 644 00:42:53,799 --> 00:43:00,940 history the other one you try to define 645 00:42:57,279 --> 00:43:04,349 it by therefore through the unanswered 646 00:43:00,940 --> 00:43:07,569 questions and there are a number of 647 00:43:04,349 --> 00:43:11,680 unanswered question I am a journalist so 648 00:43:07,569 --> 00:43:12,190 I often ask why has BBC not invented the 649 00:43:11,680 --> 00:43:14,710 net 650 00:43:12,190 --> 00:43:17,140 why has the World Association of 651 00:43:14,710 --> 00:43:20,710 publisher not invented an Internet why 652 00:43:17,140 --> 00:43:24,309 has a library of congress not invented a 653 00:43:20,710 --> 00:43:29,589 net why has UNESCO why has Reuters why 654 00:43:24,309 --> 00:43:32,230 has the NPT teas and nobody ever gave me 655 00:43:29,589 --> 00:43:35,859 a clear answer not even the big bosses 656 00:43:32,230 --> 00:43:38,140 of all this organization so there we 657 00:43:35,859 --> 00:43:39,099 already have a basic problem about the 658 00:43:38,140 --> 00:43:43,499 definition 659 00:43:39,099 --> 00:43:47,079 history of the Internet another one is 660 00:43:43,499 --> 00:43:49,229 internet really about Isaac and I can or 661 00:43:47,079 --> 00:43:53,499 is it about search engines and Google 662 00:43:49,229 --> 00:43:57,309 this also usually internet governance 663 00:43:53,499 --> 00:44:00,279 means Isaac and I can not search engine 664 00:43:57,309 --> 00:44:03,239 but then if you consider that the real 665 00:44:00,279 --> 00:44:07,630 core of the issue is more about 666 00:44:03,239 --> 00:44:10,900 archiving semantics then you come to 667 00:44:07,630 --> 00:44:14,470 another theory of of question was paul 668 00:44:10,900 --> 00:44:16,329 otlet the first in a way logician of 669 00:44:14,470 --> 00:44:20,410 cataloguing of libraries the real 670 00:44:16,329 --> 00:44:21,700 inventor of the internet or is it a 671 00:44:20,410 --> 00:44:24,819 Norbert Wiener 672 00:44:21,700 --> 00:44:27,460 or etc then you develop a total 673 00:44:24,819 --> 00:44:30,970 different history and saying that it is 674 00:44:27,460 --> 00:44:34,269 Tim berners-lee or Netscape etc then I'm 675 00:44:30,970 --> 00:44:39,579 closer to the end either me was a 676 00:44:34,269 --> 00:44:47,109 miniature the forerunner of the of the 677 00:44:39,579 --> 00:44:49,690 web so Vint Cerf says no and says yes so 678 00:44:47,109 --> 00:44:53,440 it is still an open question depending 679 00:44:49,690 --> 00:44:55,719 what understanding you have what really 680 00:44:53,440 --> 00:45:01,359 the Internet is about and then a very 681 00:44:55,719 --> 00:45:03,819 last remark I am journeys a bit nuts a 682 00:45:01,359 --> 00:45:06,640 bit crazy journeys not a good journeys 683 00:45:03,819 --> 00:45:08,589 so I tried once to submit an article on 684 00:45:06,640 --> 00:45:12,579 the history of Internet is lost earlier 685 00:45:08,589 --> 00:45:14,920 bad bad history but what is telling 686 00:45:12,579 --> 00:45:18,099 either reaction of the editor-in-chief 687 00:45:14,920 --> 00:45:19,809 of the paper I've submitted you don't 688 00:45:18,099 --> 00:45:22,450 mention you don't quote enough 689 00:45:19,809 --> 00:45:26,289 references so of course when you are the 690 00:45:22,450 --> 00:45:27,999 first one in your hometown to write the 691 00:45:26,289 --> 00:45:29,890 history about what you have heard with 692 00:45:27,999 --> 00:45:33,849 your own ears and seen with your own 693 00:45:29,890 --> 00:45:36,460 eyes you are not going to quote academic 694 00:45:33,849 --> 00:45:39,460 references but for a newspaper there was 695 00:45:36,460 --> 00:45:42,309 a lack of academic references so my 696 00:45:39,460 --> 00:45:45,249 history was not real history so I praise 697 00:45:42,309 --> 00:45:47,650 you I think that this really is 698 00:45:45,249 --> 00:45:50,579 something different and I congratulate 699 00:45:47,650 --> 00:45:50,579 you and 700 00:45:51,109 --> 00:45:55,619 and I will criticize all the others 701 00:45:54,119 --> 00:45:57,869 panels or Gomorrah 702 00:45:55,619 --> 00:46:06,119 because you prove that you can make 703 00:45:57,869 --> 00:46:09,029 different sessions t1 are showing 704 00:46:06,119 --> 00:46:11,039 attitude over t1 feet honcho that's when 705 00:46:09,029 --> 00:46:13,190 I made side take a recess John kangaroo 706 00:46:11,039 --> 00:46:15,900 so Jacob 707 00:46:13,190 --> 00:46:17,880 country see now gonna put Jana Sangh for 708 00:46:15,900 --> 00:46:20,160 20 minutes ago when teacher 709 00:46:17,880 --> 00:46:22,650 the urban teacher woman sitting I told 710 00:46:20,160 --> 00:46:25,819 you no choice I'm gonna show you when I 711 00:46:22,650 --> 00:46:28,440 come to other young people poacher 712 00:46:25,819 --> 00:46:31,410 puckateeto departure from the second 713 00:46:28,440 --> 00:46:34,680 equation kosher chicken - from the arrow 714 00:46:31,410 --> 00:46:37,410 domina Tiger wins Iowa and enjoy the 715 00:46:34,680 --> 00:46:40,170 summer on a geological t-shirt all these 716 00:46:37,410 --> 00:46:41,369 figures I may not even know who I want 717 00:46:40,170 --> 00:46:44,640 to go do you think I might see a team 718 00:46:41,369 --> 00:46:45,990 how are you gonna choose your figure who 719 00:46:44,640 --> 00:46:47,849 they wanna go do you sure topic on 720 00:46:45,990 --> 00:46:49,349 should I can I would take a check elite 721 00:46:47,849 --> 00:46:52,170 said so to the how he said Korean and 722 00:46:49,349 --> 00:46:53,880 I'm a to UT I said if you don't know put 723 00:46:52,170 --> 00:47:07,619 high paid $0 and engineering at the 724 00:46:53,880 --> 00:47:10,049 material urban t7 like the hula ones 725 00:47:07,619 --> 00:47:12,510 here Pavel and I checked how many goose 726 00:47:10,049 --> 00:47:15,210 how could you send enjoy put em on this 727 00:47:12,510 --> 00:47:18,839 and do use the juices in might have time 728 00:47:15,210 --> 00:47:21,809 and we will keep you in touch and we can 729 00:47:18,839 --> 00:47:23,430 leave the see the email address together 730 00:47:21,809 --> 00:47:26,130 and after the meeting we can negotiate 731 00:47:23,430 --> 00:47:28,049 and by the professor found think maybe 732 00:47:26,130 --> 00:47:29,579 the lights of founders of the internet 733 00:47:28,049 --> 00:47:33,329 from different countries who tell their 734 00:47:29,579 --> 00:47:35,579 their their their stories and both from 735 00:47:33,329 --> 00:47:38,670 the newsletter from the news and from 736 00:47:35,579 --> 00:47:50,549 the academic papers and we can make a 737 00:47:38,670 --> 00:47:52,920 better all of my crease professors and 738 00:47:50,549 --> 00:47:57,089 experts I would like to ask them about 739 00:47:52,920 --> 00:48:00,690 the current international structures 740 00:47:57,089 --> 00:48:02,740 which are many which many the internet 741 00:48:00,690 --> 00:48:06,400 now how do 742 00:48:02,740 --> 00:48:12,940 you see the quality or the process of 743 00:48:06,400 --> 00:48:16,869 the management and the possible now to 744 00:48:12,940 --> 00:48:20,110 speak about the the saving or the 745 00:48:16,869 --> 00:48:23,950 keeping of the personality of the the 746 00:48:20,110 --> 00:48:26,910 the data of the users on the internet or 747 00:48:23,950 --> 00:48:26,910 not thank you 748 00:48:27,900 --> 00:48:31,039 [Music] 749 00:48:36,960 --> 00:48:43,480 sorry I just have one question is there 750 00:48:39,280 --> 00:48:45,340 an intention to transcribe the the 751 00:48:43,480 --> 00:48:48,970 interviews and put them online as 752 00:48:45,340 --> 00:48:51,760 written text to retire you go how you go 753 00:48:48,970 --> 00:48:52,540 in here how you go and here's what 754 00:48:51,760 --> 00:48:54,880 you're sure 755 00:48:52,540 --> 00:48:57,640 one's a true banner Jake trigger we do 756 00:48:54,880 --> 00:49:02,830 yo ho yo you see to her terminal type on 757 00:48:57,640 --> 00:49:05,470 the pants I father one you know to the 758 00:49:02,830 --> 00:49:08,830 contents - so you got you got a check 759 00:49:05,470 --> 00:49:12,840 for decision good just one but sandy not 760 00:49:08,830 --> 00:49:16,390 only two ways to the title Konami a 761 00:49:12,840 --> 00:49:18,250 passage that this will have to wait and 762 00:49:16,390 --> 00:49:20,830 it's an interview it's a first part and 763 00:49:18,250 --> 00:49:23,740 after we finish this part we we got put 764 00:49:20,830 --> 00:49:28,500 out the transcriptions on the web and no 765 00:49:23,740 --> 00:49:28,500 matter how hard it is we will do it yeah 766 00:49:29,670 --> 00:49:37,810 yes I'm Richard Delmas from I'm from 767 00:49:35,410 --> 00:49:40,210 Samantha's association in France and 768 00:49:37,810 --> 00:49:44,470 Belgium and I used to work as a European 769 00:49:40,210 --> 00:49:47,020 Commission and no I think your session 770 00:49:44,470 --> 00:49:49,960 is very important mister I said is 771 00:49:47,020 --> 00:49:54,070 because it's it put in perspective you 772 00:49:49,960 --> 00:49:57,010 know and it's very rare we we are very 773 00:49:54,070 --> 00:49:59,560 focused technically in most of the 774 00:49:57,010 --> 00:50:02,020 station but I have a question to the 775 00:49:59,560 --> 00:50:05,619 Chinese communities what 776 00:50:02,020 --> 00:50:07,410 and it's a semantic question what what 777 00:50:05,619 --> 00:50:10,960 is the translation the meaning of 778 00:50:07,410 --> 00:50:14,680 Internet in Chinese what do you mean 779 00:50:10,960 --> 00:50:18,130 when you you say in the internet in 780 00:50:14,680 --> 00:50:20,560 Chinese it is a network media or 781 00:50:18,130 --> 00:50:23,410 something what you know it's very 782 00:50:20,560 --> 00:50:25,960 important because we don't speak or 783 00:50:23,410 --> 00:50:28,420 understand the meaning of Chinese so it 784 00:50:25,960 --> 00:50:31,600 is important semantics of of the 785 00:50:28,420 --> 00:50:35,110 internet and Chinese thank you okay 786 00:50:31,600 --> 00:50:36,970 sugar sure nigga nigga OD Emily the 787 00:50:35,110 --> 00:50:39,040 kitchen that you a debate regarding god 788 00:50:36,970 --> 00:50:41,590 I wanna show some nigga we if you don't 789 00:50:39,040 --> 00:50:42,880 go I cannot put on the Quan da Tong she 790 00:50:41,590 --> 00:50:44,890 went at your sides I'm true when Tom 791 00:50:42,880 --> 00:50:46,930 Jones I'm quite early on one yo food and 792 00:50:44,890 --> 00:50:48,430 wa ni'ma sugar who do you understand 793 00:50:46,930 --> 00:50:49,990 it's tight room went on he made her put 794 00:50:48,430 --> 00:50:51,580 her down from where touching in series 795 00:50:49,990 --> 00:51:13,660 yeah it's like Truman down ocean 796 00:50:51,580 --> 00:51:17,730 Maggie's chee-chaw chee-chaw into and 797 00:51:13,660 --> 00:51:21,760 from the beginning we call it Internet 798 00:51:17,730 --> 00:51:31,900 no and then in Chinese we cover the 799 00:51:21,760 --> 00:51:34,990 whole Pinto on these two so you know you 800 00:51:31,900 --> 00:51:39,190 know once he took us in the fan unit the 801 00:51:34,990 --> 00:51:41,350 symphony who possible to the yeast to 802 00:51:39,190 --> 00:51:44,760 when the tree and at least judging 803 00:51:41,350 --> 00:51:47,350 judges fish onion the initiatives and 804 00:51:44,760 --> 00:51:50,710 from the beginning we call Internet and 805 00:51:47,350 --> 00:51:53,260 we can be translated into the Holy One 806 00:51:50,710 --> 00:51:56,230 and the hula means much more than the 807 00:51:53,260 --> 00:51:58,990 internet and because Korean in Chinese 808 00:51:56,230 --> 00:52:06,270 it means the more connection to reach 809 00:51:58,990 --> 00:52:06,270 connection with each other thank you 810 00:52:17,070 --> 00:52:24,310 [Music] 811 00:52:19,020 --> 00:52:26,950 so I just try to okay do a conclusion 812 00:52:24,310 --> 00:52:31,120 and we do appreciate oh there are 813 00:52:26,950 --> 00:52:34,360 remarks and all the guests to share us 814 00:52:31,120 --> 00:52:35,770 your opinions and wonderful remarks and 815 00:52:34,360 --> 00:52:39,010 I think this is a very wonderful 816 00:52:35,770 --> 00:52:40,390 experience the exchange takes experience 817 00:52:39,010 --> 00:52:43,030 and the pure point of view from 818 00:52:40,390 --> 00:52:45,070 different from different perspective and 819 00:52:43,030 --> 00:52:47,470 also from different kind of levels not 820 00:52:45,070 --> 00:52:52,560 only from the top of town but also from 821 00:52:47,470 --> 00:52:55,330 the button to the top so are we let to 822 00:52:52,560 --> 00:52:58,120 let us to provide our appreciation to 823 00:52:55,330 --> 00:53:01,330 everybody especially the especially for 824 00:52:58,120 --> 00:53:10,660 the five one four guests thank you very 825 00:53:01,330 --> 00:53:12,700 much there is a film on the history of 826 00:53:10,660 --> 00:53:15,310 the internet a long fear amazing one or 827 00:53:12,700 --> 00:53:17,800 two hour long it was shown recently in 828 00:53:15,310 --> 00:53:21,220 Geneva some festival I think it was made 829 00:53:17,800 --> 00:53:25,660 by one of the famous German movie makers 830 00:53:21,220 --> 00:53:27,850 and it's full of interviews but it is it 831 00:53:25,660 --> 00:53:31,570 is not quite what you are trying to do 832 00:53:27,850 --> 00:53:33,820 but if you sorry I cannot remember the 833 00:53:31,570 --> 00:53:36,670 name of the movie maker but try to find 834 00:53:33,820 --> 00:53:37,540 it because it would be most useful to 835 00:53:36,670 --> 00:53:40,610 you 836 00:53:37,540 --> 00:53:40,610 [Music]